Overcoming climate change

The Kirin Group was one of two companies that represented Japan when we presented our environmental measures to the world at the third session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Kyoto in 1997. The Kirin Group has long been working to reduce GHG emissions. The group set an ambitious target of “reducing GHG emissions across the entire value chain by half from the 1990 level by 2050” in 2009. The group recognizes impacts of climate change on natural capital, such as agricultural raw materials and water, by applying scenario analysis based on the TCFD recommendations. The group sets science-based targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and declares its aim to switch to 100% renewable energy for electric power used by 2040, and commits Net-Zero GHG emissions by 2050. In order to lead the way in creating a decarbonized society, we have been focusing on the processes involved in these efforts. We will steadily implement integrated initiatives to reduce GHG emissions, with respect for natural capital and while promoting containers and packaging initiatives.

The following image illustrates the overview of our integrated approach. To realize the vision of a “society that has overcome climate change” as outlined in the Kirin Group Environmental Vision 2050, the Kirin Group is implementing not only mitigation measures aimed at achieving net zero, but also adaptation strategies. Through this dual approach, we aim to address social challenges in a comprehensive manner. Furthermore, to remain responsive to technological innovations and changes in external trends, our transition plan will be reviewed and updated as needed.

For details on the transition plan, please refer to pages 25–31 of the Environmental Report 2025.

Reduction in GHG emissions

2050 Net-Zero (Environment Vision 2050)

2030 Scope 1 + 2 down 50% and Scope 3 down 30%

(compared with 2019) (SBT for 1.5℃ target*1)

2024 Scope 1 + 2 down 23% (compared with 2019) (non-financial target)

For detailed annual environmental data, please refer to the ESG Data Book.

The Kirin Group contributes to Sri Lankan tea farms’ measures for adapting to climate change through training programs for Rainforest Alliance Certification. Specifically ,Rainforest Alliance and Kirin Holdings promote tea farms to plant cover crops, grasses crawl on the ground, with deep roots on steep slopes. The cover crops prevent runoff of soil from erosion by torrential rain and falls in tea leaf production volumes.

Through this training, efforts to enhance integrated resilience to climate change and natural capital are being promoted. These include reducing water usage, preventing river pollution, considering biodiversity, and introducing regenerative agriculture.

The Kirin Groupʼs Institute for Future Beverages and the startup CULTA, originating from the University of Tokyo, are conducting joint research to enhance the heat tolerance of hops for climate change-adapted hop production. Traditionally, hop quality assessments were only conducted once a year in line with harvest frequency. However, with the establishment of indoor cultivation technology, hops can now be harvested multiple times a year regardless of the season, allowing for more frequent quality assessments. This shortens the evaluation cycle for breeding and cultivation techniques, accelerating research and development to counteract yield and quality decline, thus contributing to sustainable hop production when high-temperature-tolerant hop varieties are commercialized.

The “The Good Grain” initiative, in collaboration with Sustainable Table and Stone & Wood, explores the potential for ecosystem restoration and productivity improvement by introducing perennial grains (Mountain Rye) into annual crop production systems. Largescale cultivation and malt production are being promoted in demonstration fields, and new uses in beer brewing are being tested. Additionally, symposiums involving the supply chain, agricultural industry, and brewing industry are held to share results and challenges.

At Château Mercian Mariko Vineyard, we launched a joint study in cooperation with NARO in March 2024 , to assess the effects of carbon storage as a climate change mitigation measure. In this research, we intend to engage in initiatives such as assessing the carbon storage effect of biochar utilizing grapevine-pruning residues from vineyards, etc.

In the past, we purchased empty PET bottles from container manufacturers and shipped them to plants where we filled them with beverages. With in-line blow aseptic filling machines, we mold PET bottles from preforms, thick, compact, semi-processed bottle, in our production processes and fill them under aseptic conditions. This system reduces GHG emissions of empty bottle transportation since trucks can carry much more preforms than empty molded PET bottles. In 2003, we installed preform molding equipment to a beverage production line at Kirin Distillery, the first case in Japanese beverage industry, reducing transportation loads of preforms.

At the Kirin Beverage Shonan Plant, in 2021, we switched our high-pressure compressors for PET bottle molding from V-type reciprocating compressors to screw compressors and horizontally opposed reciprocating compressors with variable frequency drives, thereby reducing annual power usage by around 8%. These machines enable us to recover waste heat from themselves and to reuse the heat to other processes.

Kirin Brewery has achieved 100% of renewable energy for purchased electricity at Sendai and Nagoya Breweries since 2022, Fukuoka and Okayama Breweries since January 2023, Toride Brewery since April 2023, and Hokkaido Chitose, Yokohama, Shiga, and Kobe Breweries, as well as all sales sites, since January 2024. As a result, Kirin Brewery has achieved 100% renewable energy for purchased electricity at all production and sales sites, and the proportion of renewable energy in all electricity usage is 66%. We aim to achieve RE100 target as soon as possible and replace all electricity used in our global operation to renewable energy in the future.

Kyowa Kirin completed to switch purchased electricity to renewable of its manufacturing sites and research laboratories in Japan. Kyowa Kirin expanded the initiative from Takasaki Plant, Bio Production Technology Laboratories, Fuji Research Park, and CMC Research Center, in 2020, to Ube Plant in 2023. Through these initiatives, Kyowa Kirin Group as a whole reduced CO2 emissions from its operation by more than 55% by the end of 2023 compared with those of 2019, and has already achieved its 2030 target.

Since January 2022, all “Château Mercian” wineries (Château Mercian Katsunuma Winery, Château Mercian Mariko Winery, and Château Mercian Kikyogahara Winery) have achieved 100% renewable energy by applying renewable energy certificates with purchased electricity. At breweries in Australia and New Zealand for Lion, 100% of purchased electricity has been sourced from renewable energy since February 2023.

Kirin group values, in its renewable energy procurement, “additionality,” which refers to creating new sources of renewable energy in the world, as well as “ethical procurement,” which refers to considering the environmental impact and human rights in generating energy.Kirin Brewery has introduced large-scale photovoltaic system at all nine plants (eight plants, excluding Yokohama Plant, use PPA model*1) At Mercian Fujisawa Plant, we introduced photovoltaic electricity based on PPA model from March 2023. This initiative will reduce annual GHG emissions by approximately 124 tonnes, and increase the proportion of renewable energy in electric power used by Mercian as a whole from approximately 5% at present to approximately 8%.

At Kyowa Kirin, we have introduced large-scale photovoltaic system (1.47 MW) based on PPA model at Ube Plant in 2023. This initiative reduced annual CO2 emissions by approximately 1,029 tonnes. Vietnam Kirin Beverage introduced a large-scale solar power generation facility (369 KW) using the PPA model, which starts operation in May 2025. This is expected to reduce CO2 emissions by approximately 340 tonne annually.

Kirin Group Logistics, Kyowa Hakko Bio, and Shinshu Beverage have leased parts of their land and building roofs to photovoltaic generation businesses, contributing to both effective use of their assets and expansion of renewable energy.

Since 2021, Kyowa Hakko Bio has introduced “Renewable Energy Certificates (I-REC)” at Thai Kyowa Biotechnologies in Thailand. This is the first case of I-REC application in pharmaceutical and food industries in Thailand. The initiative has offset emissions from electricity and reduced annual GHG emissions by 9,050 tonnes in 2024. We have also introduced renewable energy certificates to Shanghai Kyowa Amino Acid and BioKyowa (I-REC and REC, respectively).

Mitsubishi Corporation Offshore Wind Ltd., Venti Japan Inc., C-Tech Corporation, and Mitsubishi Corporation have been selected as power generation business operators for projects off the coast of Noshiro City, Mitane Town, and Oga City in Akita Prefecture, off the coast of Yurihonjo City in Akita Prefecture, and off the coast of Choshi City in Chiba Prefecture, through a consortium (the “Consortium”) represented by Mitsubishi Corporation Energy Solutions, Ltd.

Kirin Holdings is a partner in the Consortium. These projects are Japan's first fixed-bottom offshore wind power generation projects in general sea areas. Both projects will be the largest power sources in Japan and will make a significant contribution to the Japanese government's commitment to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. The maximum power output of the three projects will be approximately 1.69 million kW, which is sufficient to meet the electric power demand of approximately 1.21 million households.

The Kirin Group must improve energy efficiency and reduce the amount of energy consumption. At the same time, we believe that reducing dependency on fossil fuel combustion in production sites, and increase that on electricity, and, furthermore, using renewable electricity are the most effective ways of reducing GHG emissions.

Kirin Brewery has successfully reduced its GHG emissions by approximately 70% over the 25 years from 1990 to 2015. In 2019, we introduced heat pump systems at the wastewater treatment facilities of six Kirin Brewery plants, thereby reducing GHG emissions by 3% (approximately 4,800 tonnes) from the previous year across Kirin Brewery as a whole (as of November 2023). At Shinshu Beverage, we reuse waste heat, which is difficult to use directly in rinsing processes for bottles and caps, through a heat pump unit, enabling us to reduce GHG emissions by approximately 970 tonnes per year. The Kirin Brewery Okayama Plant has reduced annual GHG emissions by approximately 180 tonnes by reusing waste heat and using thermal energy of atmosphere to a hot water sterilization process for cans.

At Kirin Brewery, we reduce energy consumption through improving the efficiency of refrigerating systems. We are introducing a cascade refrigeration system, which cools cooling media in multisteps, a methodology to maximize energy efficiency of refrigerators.

In accordance with the “Kirin Group Plastic Policy” that we established in 2019, the Kirin Group is gradually expanding the use of “R100 PET bottles” made from 100% recycled PET resin.

R100 PET bottles use mechanically recycled resin. By using this resin, we can reduce petroleum-based resin by 90% and GHG emissions by 50-60%, compared with conventional PET resin. We began using recycled resin for some of the packaging of Kirin Gogo-no-Kocha Oishii Muto (sugar-free) in February 2014.

Subsequently, in 2019, we began using “R100 PET bottles,” which use 100% recycled PET resin, for Kirin Nama-cha Decaf.

Our use of “R100 PET bottles” as of June 2025 is shown below.

The Kirin Group is promoting the use of aluminum cans with a high proportion of recycled metal. In Japan, we are a member of the Aluminum Can Recycling Association and support the collection of used aluminum cans to promote recycling. Empty aluminum cans discarded at beer factories are fully recycled by can manufacturers and reused 100% as aluminum beer cans.

Since producing new aluminum requires a large amount of electricity and emits significantly more GHGs compared to recycled materials, reducing environmental impact is a key challenge. To address this, Kirin Brewery, in collaboration with two other major domestic beer companies, has fully adopted the “EcoEnd™” beverage can end, which emits approximately 40% less GHG during production.*1 Starting in February 2025, this can end will be gradually introduced in some beer products sold by each company.

EcoEnd™ was jointly developed by Toyo Seikan Co., Ltd. and UACJ Corporation as an effective means of reducing GHG emissions. It meets the required strength and performance standards for can ends while promoting the circular use of recycled materials. As a measure contributing to Scope 3 emissions reduction, we are also considering expanding its use to products beyond beer.

Under Lion, Stone & Wood Brewery in Australia has launched the “Re-InCan-Ation” project in partnership with suppliers such as Visy, Novelis, and Rio Tinto, aiming to promote sustainable packaging. This initiative uses cans made from 83% recycled aluminum and low-carbon primary aluminum, targeting a 59% reduction in CO₂ emissions compared to conventional cans.During an 18-month trial, 15 million cans were sold, with an estimated reduction of 1,235 tons of CO₂.

APCO (Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation) recognizes the importance of this initiative in addressing Australia’s recycling challenges, where only 64% of aluminum beverage cans are currently recycled. Through this project, Lion aims to encourage ethical consumption by offering consumers sustainable choices. The company has already begun engaging with consumers via social media, receiving positive feedback and interest in the initiative as a practical way for individuals to contribute.

In 2011, we achieved a weight reduction of our aluminum cans approximately 29% with our 204 diameter can compared with the 209 diameter can which was standard at the time, by reducing the diameter of can lids, narrowing the top and bottom edges, thinning the walls. Working with materials manufacturers, we developed an aluminum can with thinner can lids and a body in 2016. We have reduced the overall weight of the can by approximately 5% (from 14.6g to 13.8g). This represents a weight reduction of 33% (6.7ɡ) from the 209 diameter can. Weight reduction is necessary for both steel and aluminum cans. In particular, aluminum requires a large amount of electricity for smelting, so weight reduction contributes significantly to the reduction of Scope 3 GHG emissions.

Our returnable glass bottles for beer are the lightest among those produced in Japan in all sizes (633mL, 500mL, and 334mL). As well as being light in weight, returnable glass bottles need to be durable enough to maintain their returnable functionality and strong enough to ensure consumer safety and security of mind. To solve this dilemma, the Institute for Packaging Innovation created the lightest returnable glass bottles by making excellent use of innovations such as a ceramic coating that forms a thin film on the bottle’s outside surface, an impact-resistant shape design, and a bottle mouth design that satisfies the conflicting requirements of being easy to open and able to be sealed tightly and that is also strong enough not to chip when opened.

In 2022, the Institute for Packaging Innovation developed the lightest 720ml PET bottle for wine in Mercian’s history, reducing the weight from the conventional 34g to 29g—a 5g reduction. This lightweight PET bottle received the 46th Kinoshita Award*1 for Packaging Technology. The award recognized the bottle’s approximately 15% reduction in resin usage while maintaining both the “Bordeaux shoulder shape” and a sleek body design, as well as its ability to preserve wine freshness over time thanks to the Kirin Group’s DLC*2 gas barrier coating technology. Furthermore, in July 2024, the laboratory launched the lightest-ever 1500ml PET wine bottle in Mercian’s history, reducing the weight from 58g to 53.5g—a 4.5g reduction. This change is expected to reduce PET resin usage by approximately 107 tonnes and CO2 emissions by about 346 tonnes annually across all of Mercian’s PET bottled wine products.

For other initiatives related to containers and packaging, please refer to Containers and Packaging.

The Kirin Group regards logistics as a noncompetitive sector and is actively engaging in initiatives together with other companies in the same industry.In 2017, Kirin Brewery and Asahi Breweries opened a joint delivery center in Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture, and launched joint train transportation from plants in western area of Japan. Neither of the companies has plants on the coastal side of Japan Sea, so products previously had to be transported by truck over long　 distances—of 200 km—from their plants on the Pacific Ocean side.

This logistic was inefficient and heavy burdens for truck drivers.

Joint transportation using train containers not only reduced significant GHG emissions but also shortened driving distances of trucks, significantly reducing burdens of drivers. Thus, the joint delivery contributes to solve capacity shortages of logistic industry, one of the biggest issues in Japanese society. Through these efforts, we have successfully completed modal shifts from long distance truck transportation, equivalent to 10,000 vehicles a year, to railway containers, and we estimate that we can thus annually reduce GHG emissions by approximately 2,700 tonnes.

In September 2017, we began joint delivery with Asahi Breweries, Suntory, and Sapporo Breweries in the eastern Hokkaido area. We estimate that the Hokkaido case results in a reduction in annual GHG emissions of approximately 330 tonnes. *1

Kyowa Kirin also applies joint deliveries and its Ube Plant utilize railway container transportation for raw material logistics.

The Kirin Group is actively pursuing modal shifts of switching from truck transport to rail and ocean transport, which has lower GHG emissions, for long-distance shipments (400 to 500 km or more).

In April 2024, KIRIN GROUP LOGISTICS, Japan Freight Railway, and NIPPON EXPRESS implemented modal shifts for the Kirin Group's products equivalent to approximately 84,000 t-CO2 (7,000 10 ton trucks, equivalent to approximately 17,000 five-ton containers) per year. This initiative is expected to reduce annual emissions by approximately 3,130 t-CO2.

Kirin Beverage and Asahi Soft Drinks have fully introduced the production, sales, and inventory management service “MOVO PSI” developed by Hacobu and JDSC from November 1, 2024, to optimize inventory and transportation volumes. “MOVO PSI” analyzes PSI (Production, Sales, Inventory) information between companies using AI (machine learning) to level daily order quantities and replenishment volumes. The demonstration experiment achieved results such as reducing transportation costs by up to about 9.1% and inventory days by up to about 13.2%, further improving logistics efficiency by increasing self-transport loading efficiency and reducing out-of-stock rates.

The use of vendor-managed warehouse can reduce long-distance transportation. As a result, GHG emissions are reduced, contributing to more sustainable supply chain.

With the aim of mitigating the risk of not being able to transport due to an unavailability of trucks and optimizing transportation efficiency, we started a trial operation of raw materials procurement and distribution system using raw materials warehouses (vendor-managed warehouses) close to Kirin Beverage’s plants, Shonan Plant and Shiga Plant, in October 2019. By establishing vendor-managed warehouses, raw material and ingredient suppliers can transport desired amount of raw ingredients with their convenient schedules, thereby maximizing efficiency. This initiative has made it easier for plants to cope with sudden changes in production plans and contributed greatly to improving production flexibility.

Kirin Beverage and Asahi Soft Drinks have fully introduced the production, sales, and inventory management service “MOVO PSI” developed by Hacobu and JDSC from November 1, 2024, to optimize inventory and transportation volumes. “MOVO PSI” analyzes PSI (Production, Sales, Inventory) information between companies using AI (machine learning) to level daily order quantities and replenishment volumes. The demonstration experiment achieved results such as reducing transportation costs by up to about 9.1% and inventory days by up to about 13.2%, further improving logistics efficiency by increasing self-transport loading efficiency and reducing out-of-stock rates.

Steinlager, which Lion sells in New Zealand, has obtained certification as a carbon zero beer under the Toitu program by a body of the New Zealand government. In 2021, we featured the Toitu carbon zero mark in our marketing campaigns to highlight to consumers the commitment Lion has made to reducing GHG emissions through Steinlager and other products.

In May 2022, Lion began selling “XXXX Zero,” Australia’s first carbon neutral and alcohol-free beer. XXXX Zero has obtained carbon neutral certification in the form of Climate Active certification.

In Australia, Lion is preparing to acquire carbon neutral certification through Climate Active for many key products. In order to obtain certification, Lion is working to comply with the requirement that it must offset all GHG emissions from the complete life cycle of the product, including emissions from raw materials and packaging, distribution and product waste.

In 2020, New Belgium Brewing launched FAT TIRE ALE, the first carbon neutral beer in the United States. The carbon credits being purchased and amortized also contribute to economic support for converting farmers to regenerative agriculture.

New Belgium Brewery has created a beer called TORCHED EARTH ALE to show consumers what the future of beer might look like if climate change progresses. By showing consumers the taste of beer made from ingredients likely to be available in a future where climate change has progressed, the company is drawing attention to the importance of carbon-neutral products.

Stone & Wood, a subsidiary of Lion, is developing products using malt derived from regenerative agriculture. They support producers who incorporate regenerative agriculture into the cultivation of barley and hops, the main ingredients of beer. This approach focuses on long-term soil resilience and the health of local communities rather than short-term yields, resulting in fertile soil and carbon sequestration. Under the “Responsible Sourcing Policy,” we began experimental brewing with sustainable grains in Byron Bay in 2022 and launched “Northern Rivers Beer” in 2024. This beer uses 70% certified sustainable malt and 100% sustainable hops and is initially available in the regions around the brewery. It has received high praise from customers as a drinkable lager-style beer.

For details, please refer to page 62 of the Environmental Report 2025: “Stone & Wood spearheads cross-industry alliance to transform sustainable packaging in Australia”.

Of the categories in the “Scope 3 Standard” of the GHG Protocol, we will focus our efforts on Category 1 (purchased goods and services), which accounts for about 60% of the Kirin Group's Scope 3 emissions, followed by Category 4 (upstream transportation and distribution) and Category 9 (downstream transportation and distribution), which account for the next largest shares of emissions. In this way, we work to reduce emissions across value chain while prioritizing engagement and collaboration, through the “encouragement of reduction at business partners,” as well as the “reduction by our controllable measures.”We have requested that all suppliers comply with the Kirin Group Sustainable Supplier Code, which includes measures to address climate change. Furthermore, in April 2024, we launched the Supply Chain Environmental Program. Through these efforts, we will strengthen cooperation with suppliers that have large GHG emissions, and promote activities in three main areas: mutual disclosure of actual GHG emissions data, target-setting requests and support for reducing GHG emissions in line with SBT levels, and cooperative efforts to reduce GHG emissions. We expect these efforts to contribute to a reduction of 10%, or one-third of our medium-term target to "reduce overall GHG Scope 3 emissions by 30% from 2019 levels by 2030."Lion is a member of the Australian Climate Leaders Coalition, a group of CEOs of Australian companies.For various reasons, it is difficult for suppliers, retailers, and other companies along their value chains to disclose actual data on their GHG emissions to each other. In response to this issue, the coalition adopted a system of pooling actual data to a thirdparty without mutual disclosure among the companies, and thus confirmed that the pooling system was able to identify Scope 3 emissions more accurately. These efforts started the conversation on how stakeholders in the value chains could work together to reduce emissions, which will result in higher Scope 3 reduction targets and contribute to highly effective actions. In addition, we are calculating the CFP per product and utilizing it to visualize GHG reduction status and set targets throughout the supply chain. The Australian Climate Leaders Coalition has published these approaches as part of the “Scope 3 Roadmap.”